Adobe ColdFusion 8

cfsearch

Description

Searches one or more Verity collections.

A collection must be created and indexed before this tag can return search results.

A collection can be created in these ways:

  • With the cfcollection tag
  • In the ColdFusion MX Administrator
  • Using a native Verity indexing tool, such as Vspider or MKVDK. For more information on Vspider and MKVDK, see "Introducing Verity and Verity Tools" in Configuring and Administering ColdFusion.

If you use a native Verity tool to create a collection, it must be registered. A collection can be registered with ColdFusion in the following ways:

  • With the cfcollection tag
  • In the ColdFusion MX Administrator

A collection can be indexed in the following ways:

  • In ColdFusion, with the cfindex tag
  • In the ColdFusion Administrator, which calls the cfindex tag
  • Using a native Verity indexing tool, such as Vspider or MKVDK

For more information, see "Building a Search Interface" in the ColdFusion Developer's Guide.

Category

Extensibility tags

Syntax

<cfsearch 
    collection = "collection name"
    name = "search name"
    category = "category[,category2,...]"
    categoryTree = "tree location"
    contextBytes = "number of bytes"
    contextHighlightBegin = "HTML string"
    contextHighlightEnd = "HTML string"
    contextPassages = "number of passages"
    criteria = "search expression"
    language = "language"
    maxRows = "number"
    previousCriteria = "criteria"
    startRow = "row number"
    status = ""
    suggestions = "suggestion option"
    type = "criteria">

Note: You can specify this tag's attributes in an attributeCollection attribute whose value is a structure. Specify the structure name in the attributeCollection attribute and use the tag's attribute names as structure keys.

See also

cfcollection, cfexecute, cfindex, cfobject, cfreport, cfwddx

History

ColdFusion MX 7:

  • Added category, categoryTree, status, suggestions, contextPassages, contextBytes, contextHighlightBegin, contextHighlightEnd, and previousCriteria attributes.
  • Added author, category, categoryTree, context, rank, size, recordsSearched, and type result columns.
  • Added information on the status structure and its associated keys.
  • Removed references to a separate K2 server and k2server.ini file.
  • Removed references to unregistered collections.
  • Removed references to external collections. ColdFusion MX now manages all collections through the Verity Search service.
  • Changed cflock recommendation. It is no longer a best practice to surround the cfsearch tag with a cflock tag.

ColdFusion MX:

  • Deprecated the external attribute. It might not work, and might cause an error, in later releases. (ColdFusion stores this information about each collection; it automatically detects whether a collection is internal or external.) This tag supports absolute (also known as fully qualified) collection pathnames and mapped collection names.
  • Changed query result behavior: the cfindex tag can index the query results from a cfsearch operation.
  • Changed Verity operations behavior: ColdFusion supports Verity operations on Acrobat PDF files.
  • Changed multiple collection behavior: this tag can search multiple collections. In a multiple collection search, you cannot combine collections that are registered with K2Server and registered in another way.
  • Changed acceptable collection naming: this tag accepts collection names that include spaces.
  • Changed the following support: this tag supports Verity 2.6.1 and the LinguistX and ICU locales.
  • Changed thrown exceptions: this tag can throw the SEARCHENGINE exception.

Attributes

Attribute

Req/Opt

Default

Description

name

Required

 

Name of the search query.

collection

Required

 

One or more collection names. You can specify more than one collection unless you are performing a category search (that is, specifying category or categoryTree).

category

Optional

 

A list of categories, separated by commas, to which the search is limited. If specified, and the collection does not have categories enabled, ColdFusion throws an exception.

categoryTree

Optional

 

The location in a hierarchical category tree at which to start the search. ColdFusion searches at and below this level. If specified, and the collection does not have categories enabled, ColdFusion throws an exception. Can be used in addition to the category attribute.

criteria

Optional

 

Search criteria. Follows the syntax rules of the type attribute. If you pass a mixed-case entry in this attribute, the search is case-sensitive. If you pass all uppercase or all lowercase, the search is case-insensitive. Follow Verity syntax and delimiter character rules; see "Using Verity Search Expressions" in the ColdFusion Developer's Guide.

contextBytes

Optional

300

The maximum number of bytes Verity returns in the context summary.

contextHighlightBegin

Optional

<b>

The HTML to prepend to search terms in the context summary. Use this attribute in conjunction with contextHighlightEnd to highlight search terms in the context summary.

contextHighlightEnd

Optional

</b>

The HTML to append to search terms in the context summary. Use this attribute in conjunction with contextHighlightBegin to highlight search terms in the context summary.

contextPassages

Optional

0

The number of passages/sentences Verity returns in the context summary (that is, the context column of the results). The default i s 0, which disables context summary.

language

Optional

english

Deprecated. This attribute is now ignored and the language of the collection is used to perform the search.

maxRows

Optional

all

Maximum number of rows to return in query results.

previousCriteria

Optional

 

The name of a result set from an existing set of search results. Verity searches the result set for criteria without regard to the previous search score or rank. Use this attribute to implement searching within result sets.

startRow

Optional

1

First row number to get.

status

Optional

 

Specifies the name of the structure variable into which ColdFusion places search information, including alternative criteria suggestions (spelling corrections). For a list of keys in this structure, see Status structure keys.

suggestions

Optional

never

Specifies whether Verity returns spelling suggestions for possibly misspelled words. Use one of the following options:

  • Always: Verity always returns spelling suggestions.
  • Never: Verity never returns spelling suggestions.
  • positive integer: Verity returns spelling suggestions if the number of documents retrieved by the search is less than or equal to the number specified.

There is a small performance penalty for retrieving suggestion data.

type

Optional

simple

Used to specify the parser that Verity uses to process the criteria.

  • simple: STEM and MANY operators are implicitly used.
  • explicit: operators must be invoked explicitly. Also known as Bool_Plus.
  • internet: for documents that are mostly WYSIWIG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) documents. Also known as Internet_advanced.
  • internet_basic: minimizes search time.
  • natural: specifies the Query By Example (QBE) parser. Also known as FreeText.

For more information, see "Using Verity Search Expressions" in the ColdFusion Developer's Guide. Also see your Verity documentation.

Usage

The cfsearch tag returns a query object whose columns you can reference in a cfoutput tag. For example, the following code specifies a search for the exact terms "filming" or "filmed":

<cfsearch
    name = "mySearch"
    collection = "myCollection"
    criteria = '<WILDCARD>`film{ing,ed}`'
    type="explicit"
    startrow=1
    maxrows = "100">
<cfdump var = "#mySearch#>

In this example, the single-quotation mark (') and backtick (`) characters are used as delimiters; for more information, see "Using Verity Search Expressions" in the ColdFusion Developer's Guide.

To optimize search performance, always specify the maxrows attribute, setting it to a value that matches your application's needs. A value less than 300 helps to ensure optimal performance.

Adobe does not recommend using the cflock tag with this tag; Verity provides the locking function. Using the cflock tag slows search performance.

The cfsearch tag result columns

Variable

Description

context

A context summary containing the search terms, highlighted in bold (by default). This is enabled if you set the contextpassages attribute to a number greater than zero.

url

Value of URLpath attribute in the cfindex tag used to populate a collection.

key

Value of the key attribute in the cfindex tag used to populate a collection.

title

Value of title attribute in cfindex tag used to populate the collection, including PDF and Office document titles. If a title is not extracted from the document, the tag uses the cfindex title attribute value for each row.

score

Relevancy score of document based on search criteria

custom1, custom2, custom3, custom4

Value of custom fields in cfindex tag used to populate a collection.

size

The number of bytes in the index document.

rank

The rank of this document in the search results.

author

Extracted from the HTML, Office, and PDF documents when available.

type

The MIME type of the document.

category

A list of the categories that were specified for this document when it was indexed.

categoryTree

A hierarchical category tree, or serial list of categories, that was specified for this document when it was indexed. Only a single tree is returned.

summary

Contents of automatic summary generated by cfindex.

recordCount

Number of records returned in record set

currentRow

Current row that cfoutput is processing.

columnList

List of column names within record set.

recordsSearched

Number of records searched. This is the same value for each row in the record set. Corresponds to the searched key in the status structure.

Status structure keys

Variable

Description

found

The number of documents that contain the search criteria.

searched

The number of documents searched. Corresponds to the recordsSearched column in the search results.

time

The number of milliseconds the search took, as reported by the Verity K2 search service.

suggestedQuery

An alternative query, as suggested by Verity, that might produce better results. This often contains corrected spellings of search terms. Present only when the suggestions tag attribute criteria is met.

keywords

A structure containing each search term as a key to an array of up to five possible alternative terms, in order of preference. Present only when the suggestions attribute criteria is met.

keywordScore

A structure in the same format as for keywords, except it also includes Verity-reported weighted values from 0 to .99, in which higher scores indicate better-quality results.

To permit application users to search Verity collections for nonstandard strings, words, or characters (for example, "AB23.45.67" or "--->") that would otherwise cause an error, you can create a text file that lists these elements and defines their formats for Verity. Name the file style.lex and put copies of the file in these directories:

  • Windows:
    • cf_root\verity\k2\common\style
    • cf_root\verity\Data\stylesets\ColdFusionK2
  • UNIX:
    • cf_root//verity/k2/common/style
    • cf_root/verity/Data/stylesets/ColdFusionK2

In the multiserver and J2EE configurations, you install Verity in a separate directory.

Note: To search for a character such as an angle bracket (< or >), you must use a criteria attribute value such as "&lt:" or "&lt:". The bracket characters are reserved in Verity, and using a backslash to escape the character (criteria="\<") does not work in this context. For more information, see "Using Verity Search Expressions" in the ColdFusion Developer's Guide.

Example

<!--- #1 (TYPE=SIMPLE) ----------------------------->
<cfsearch 
    name="name" 
    collection="snippets,syntax,snippets" 
    criteria="example" 
    maxrows = "100">
<p>
<cfoutput>Search Result total =#name.RecordCount# </cfoutput><br>
<cfoutput>
    url=#name.url#<br>
    key=#name.key#<br>
    title=#name.title#<br>
    score=#name.score#<br>
    custom1=#name.custom1#<br>
    custom2=#name.custom2#<br>
    summary=#name.summary#<br>
    recordcount=#name.recordcount#<br>
    currentrow=#name.currentrow#<br>
    columnlist=#name.columnlist#<br>
    recordssearched=#name.recordssearched#<br>
</cfoutput>
<cfdump var = #name#>
<br>

<!--- #2 (TYPE=EXPLICIT) ----------------------------->
<cfsearch 
    name = "snippets"
    collection = "snippets"
    criteria = '<wildcard>`film{ing,ed}`'
    type="explicit"
    startrow=1
    maxrows = "100">
<cfoutput 
    query="snippets">
    url=#url#<br>
    key=#key#<br>
    title=#title#<br>
    score=#score#<br>
    custom1=#custom1#<br>
    custom2=#custom2#<br>
    summary=#summary#<br>
    recordcount=#recordcount#<br>
    currentrow=#currentrow#<br>
    columnlist=#columnlist#<br>
    recordssearched=#recordssearched#<br>
</cfoutput>
<cfdump var = #snippets#> 
<br>

<!--- #3 (search by CF key) ----------------------------->
<cfsearch 
    name = "book"
    collection = "custom_book"
    criteria = "cf_key=bookid2"
    maxrows = "100">
<cfoutput>
    url=#book.url#<br>
    key=#book.key#<br>
    title=#book.titleE#<br>
    score=#book.score#<br>
    custom1=#book.custom1#<br>
    custom2=#book.custom2#<br>
    summary=#book.summary#<br>
    recordcount=#book.recordcount#<br>
    currentrow=#book.currentrow#<br>
    columnlist=#book.columnlist#<br>
    recordssearched=#book.recordssearched#<br>
</cfoutput>
<cfdump var = #book#>